The term "roaming" derives from the verb "to roam",
which means, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, "to wander,
rove or ramble, to walk about aimlessly over a wide area".
Each GSM network subscriber can use his mobile phone in other countries,
or more precisely within the range area of the host country. The GSM
subscription permits the user to be continuously available for incoming
calls and to make calls at will using the radio mobile service as a
subscription to the local network.
The SIM card contains a list of the networks with which a roaming
agreement has been stipulated. This list is updated every time the mobile
phone is switched on, to add new countries, with which new roaming
agreements are stipulated, to the list.
When one is in another country, the GSM mobile phone will automatically
search for the network present in the list on the SIM card. The choice of
a network, therefore, takes place in an automatic fashion with the aid of
the list memorised on the SIM card. In case more than one network is
present on the list, the choice is based on the order in which the
operators are listed. It is possible to memorise a list of
"favourite" networks, which means changing the order of the
operators on the SIM card list.
Once one is connected to the host network (a triangle appears on the
terminal's display), one becomes a subscriber to this network, which means
that during roaming, all calls towards one's own country or towards other
countries must be preceded by their relative national and international
prefixes.
Charges during Roaming are calculated as follows:
Calls made from the host network are subject to the latter's charges
for roamers; some operators may apply a fee of up to 15% for
administrative expenses connected to roaming.
When one receives a call in another country, the international
transfer of the call from one's own network to the host network is
charged according to the current international fees applied by one's
own network.
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